什么是黑光燈？

黑光燈是一種能發出紫外線的燈。黑光燈也稱為紫外線燈，UV-A燈和伍德氏燈。玻璃紫外線過濾器的發明者羅伯特·威廉姆斯·伍德（Robert Williams Wood）冠以“伍德的燈”的稱號。幾乎所有好的黑色光都應在光譜的UV部分中，而可見光很少。

為什么叫黑光燈？

盡管黑光會發光，但是人眼看不到紫外線，因此就您的眼睛而言，該光是“黑”的。僅發出紫外線的光會在明顯的完全黑暗中離開房間。許多黑光也發出一些紫羅蘭色的光。這樣可以使您看到指示燈亮著，這有助于避免過度暴露于紫外線下，紫外線會損害眼睛和皮膚。

黑光燈的類型

黑光燈有許多不同的形式。有白熾燈，熒光燈，發光二極管（LED黑光燈），激光器和汞蒸氣燈。白熾燈產生的紫外線很少，因此實際上會發出較差的黑光。其中一些僅由其他光源上的濾光片組成，這些濾光片會阻擋可見光，但允許紫外線波長通過。這種類型的燈泡或濾光片通常會發出暗淡的紫藍色投射光，因此照明行業將這些設備稱為“ BLB”，代表“黑光藍色”。其他燈缺少過濾器。這些燈在可見光譜中往往更亮。一個很好的例子是“蟲子開瓶器”中使用的熒光燈類型。這種燈稱為“ BL”，代表“黑光”。黑光燈或紫外線激光會產生相干的單色輻射，人眼完全看不見它們。在此類設備上工作時，佩戴紫外護目鏡（紫外線防護眼鏡）尤為重要，因為光線可能導致立即和失明以及其他組織損傷。

黑光燈用途

黑光燈有很多用途。紫外線燈用于觀察熒光染料，提高磷光材料的亮度，固化涂料，吸引昆蟲，促進皮膚中黑色素的產生（鞣制）以及照亮藝術品。黑光燈在醫學上有多種應用。用紫外線消毒。診斷真菌感染，細菌感染，痤瘡，黑色素瘤，乙二醇中毒；并用于治療新生兒黃疸。

黑光燈的安全

大多數黑光相對安全，因為它們發出的紫外線在長波UVA范圍內。這是最接近可見光的區域。UVA與人類皮膚癌有關，因此應避免長時間暴露于黑光輻射下。UVA深深地滲透到皮膚層中，會損壞DNA。UVA不會引起曬傷，但會破壞維生素A，破壞膠原蛋白并促進皮膚衰老。一些黑光燈會在UVB范圍內發射更多的光。這些光會導致皮膚灼傷。由于此光比UVA或可見光具有更高的能量，因此可以更快地損壞細胞。紫外線會損壞眼睛的晶狀體，可能導致白內障形成。

美國路陽儀器設備有限公司是專業生產黑光燈的公司，生產制造有便攜式黑光燈、吊掛式黑光燈、手提式黑光燈，手電筒式黑光燈，能夠滿足無損檢測的熒光磁粉探傷、熒光滲透探傷、工業氣體行業的管道脫脂清洗、制藥和食品行業的清潔驗證等。

What Is a Black Light?

A black light is a lamp that emits ultraviolet light. Black lights also are known as ultraviolet lamps, UV-A light, and Wood's lamp. The name "Wood's lamp" honors Robert Williams Wood, the inventor of glass UV filters. Nearly all of the light of good black light should be in the UV portion of the spectrum, with very little visible light.

Why Is a Black Light Called a "Black" Light?
Although black lights emit light, ultraviolet light is not visible to human eyes, so the light is "black" as far as your eyes are concerned. A light that only gives off ultraviolet light would leave a room in apparent total darkness. Many black lights also emit some violet light. This allows you see that the light is on, which is helpful in avoiding over-exposure to ultraviolet light, which can damage your eyes and skin.

Types of Black Lights
Black lights come in many different forms. There are incandescent lights, fluorescent lamps, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and mercury-vapor lamps. Incandescent lights produce very little ultraviolet light, so they actually make poor black lights.
Some consist simply of filters over other light sources that block visible light but permit the passage of ultraviolet wavelength. This type of bulb or filter generally produces light with a dim violet-blue cast, so the lighting industry designates these devices as "BLB," which stands for "blacklight blue."
Other lamps lack a filter. These lamps tend to be brighter in the visible spectrum. A good example is the type of fluorescent bulb used in "bug zappers." This type of lamp is designated "BL," which stands for "black light."
Black light or ultraviolet lasers produce coherent, monochromatic radiation that is completely invisible to the human eye. It's particularly important to wear eye protection when working with such devices because the light can cause immediate and permanent blindness and other tissue damage.

Black Light Uses
Black lights have many uses. Ultraviolet light is used to observe fluorescent dyes, improve the brightness of phosphorescent materials, cure plastics, attract insects, promote melanin production (tanning) in skin, and illuminate artwork. There are multiple medical applications of black lights. Ultraviolet light is used for disinfection; diagnosing fungal infections, bacterial infections, acne, melanoma, ethylene glycol poisoning; and in treatment of neonatal jaundice.

Black Light Safety
Most black lights are relatively safe because the UV light they emit is in the longwave UVA range. This is the region closest to that of visible light. UVA has been linked to human skin cancer, so extended exposure to black light radiation should be avoided. UVA penetrates deeply into skin layers, where it can damage DNA. UVA does not cause sunburn, but it can destroy vitamin A, damage collagen, and promote skin aging.
Some black lights emit more light in the UVB range. These lights can cause skin burns. Because this light has a higher energy than UVA or visible light, it can damage cells more quickly.
Ultraviolet light exposure can damage the lens of the eye, potentially leading to cataract formation.

黑光燈的譜線

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